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==Introduction== The '''Spring Framework''' is an open-source application framework, introduced and developed in 2004. The main ideas were suggested by an experienced J2EE architect, Rod Johnson. Just as Hibernate attacks CMP as primitive ORM technology, Spring attacks EJB as unduly complicated and not susceptible to unit-testing. Instead of EJB, Spring suggests that we make use of ordinary Java beans, with some slight modifications, to get all the supposed advantages of EJB environment. Thus, Spring is posed as an alternative to EJB essentially. However, as a concession to the existing EJB investments, Spring is designed to operate with EJB if required. ===Dependency Injection=== Ein wesentliches Feature des Spring-Frmeworls ist die sogenannte '''Dependency Injection''', bzw. '''Inversion of Controll'''. Hierbei handelt es sich um ein Design-Pattern, welches im Objektorientierten Umfeld im häufiger zum Einsatz kommt. Wesentliches Prinzip dieses Patterns ist die stärkere Trennung von Verknüpfungen zwischen Komponenten zu ermöglichen, ohne diese Verknüpfungen (Relationen) fest im Code zu integrieren. Anstelle von festen Verknüpfungen werden diese Abhängigkeiten von anderen Komponten über Konfigurationsdateien realisiert. Im Rahmen von Spring kommt hier ein definiertes XML-Format zum Einsatz. Das Spring-Framework nutzt das Prinzip der Dependency Injection in großem Umfang.
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